Rotary loom for the manufacture of textiles of all kinds in the form of a tube



May 31, 1932. F. ALONSO 1,860,975

ROTARY LOOK FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILES OF ALL KINDS IN THE FORM OF A TUBE Filed Nov. 29, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 /n venfar:

FERNANDO ALONSO B I W ATTOR E Y5 May 31, 1932. F. ALONSO 1,860,975

ROTARY LOOM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILES OF ALL KINDS IN THE FORM OF A TUBE Filed Nov. 29. 1929 s Sheets-Sheet 2 422 I'\ I 2,5 I-

ATTORNEYS V ROTARY LOOM FOR MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILES OF ALL KINDS IN THE FORM OF A TUBE Filed Nov. 29, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 31, 1932. F L Q 1,860,975

. ln venfor: ALONS 0 5 sheets-sheet 4 F. ALONSO Filed Nov. 29, 1929 ROTARY LOOK FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILES OF ALL KINDS IN THE FORM 01" A TUBE mw N .w W M u M 0 D N A N m F n B m v 4 u n n M u m u .a m a 4 m I 1. w. m 1 l K o a i l}... g k a \w a .l \l 1 a u g w Mg May 31, 1932.

ATTORNEY-5 May 1932- F. ALONSO 7 1,360,975

ROTARY LOOM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILES OF ALL KINDS IN THE FORM OF A TUBE Filed Nov. 29, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 FERNANDO ALONSO ATTORN E Y3 /n venfor':

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amuse, or LU some! Loot ron rm: macaronor ermn-ns or an. inns in m romr or a a p an: H i I Application filed November as, me, Serial nations, an in number a, 1m.

This invention relates to circular 1001118,.

and has for an object to provide an improved loom of this type which shall be very simple and inexpensive both in manufacture and operation, and in which the number of independently operable parts is reduced to a minimum.

In the design of circular looms difliculty' has almost invariably been experienced .in providing satisfactory means for in the shuttles around their continuous circular path and also especially in the production of webs of large circumference, in connection with the beating-up of the weft threads deposited in the warp shuttles; the formin thes sion '0 the warp threads as t e'shed is roblem of devislng means for formed and reformed has been comparativeshed extendsin a p 1y. easy.

-In one known tylpe of circular loom the ane intersected at'ri ht angles by what maybe termed the weavmg axis, which latter is vertical, whilst a pluwith said axis bein e0 rality of slides, one for each warp thread, are mounted in guides disposed in a circle around the weaving axis; longitudinal reciprocatory motion in -a direction parallel imparted to the slides by means of a cylin rical grooved cam. In'

this type of loom each warp thread asses through an eye attached directly or in irectly to the correspondingslide aprojection on Y which is adapted'to bear against an inclined surface of the shuttle; motion being impartedto the slides in such manner that as those-"at one end of the shuttle are moving. towards one another and thus closing the shed atthat end of the shuttle, thus causing the projection to bear on the latter to impel it forward, those at the other end of the shuttle are moving apart .from; one another, thus opening the shed and permitting the shuttle to move forwardly; whilst the shuttle itself. is mount ed upon a carrier which is shaped at one SldG- so as to engage in undercut recesses formed a in the guides for the shuttle-impelling slides,

between which the warp threads eirtend' and .pass as the shed. is formed and reformed. It will observed that the shuttle thus travels lling shed by the ed and of obtainin eventen-- per end of each s shed at which the weft thread is deposlted by around what my be termed the inner periphery ofa-circ a ATENT o -Pics .A-BmGAIJX), SPAIN, ABSIGUOB T0 In WEAVIITG mamas conm 12m, 0] LONDON, ENGLAND A g r. track constituted by the guides upon the shuttle-impelling'slides, and

these latter serve ing the warp shed. Such an arrangement has been pro of comparatlvely small circumference, such as hoses and for covering cores of metal or other material with woven sheets.

of the disposition of the shed with regard to also for opening-and 0105-'--.

ed for the production of webs {In view the weaving axis, there is little'orno need for any special means to be provided for beating-up purposes.

In one 100m of this general type it has been proposed-to form lateral extensions of the shuttle-impelling slides with notches. in

which the shuttle carrier is adapted to slide so that said shuttle-.impe ing sli in themselves a track or the shuttle. In th s ropose to extend the uplide towardsthat end of the case it was also esconstitute v the shuttle, such extensions being formed upstanding divisions mi ht be formed immediately above the'gui es for the shuttle-- impelling slides and that in each division a part-circular or other shaped groove should be cutin circular alignment with the notches in said slides for the shuttlecarrler; the arrangement being such that 'theshuttlegjwill travel along the aligned slots in said divis1ons.. p For theproduction of webs of lar circumference it has, as a-rul'e', been foun desir able that the weft shed Should be formed parallel with the verticalaxis-of weaving, or, 1n

other words, should lie substantially in a pylindrical surface eo-axially of the weavmg' v axis. In-such an arrangement it is necessarythat some provision should be made for beating-upthe weft threads, and one pro osal to this end'was. that 'the shuttle should" supported in part at least by one or more thm double conical wheels which would bear upon the weft threads as. they are, deposited, the

weaving taking placein such a casein a downward direction.

It has also been suggested that the shuttle should be impelled around a circular path by magnetic means, and, further, that in cases where the weaving takes place in an H ward direction, the beating-u should be e ected by a plurality of radial y disposed levers, one between each pair of adjacent warp threads, and which are rocked about horizontal pivots by means of a circular grooved cam.

As a further development of this type of circular looms, it has been proposed that the warp threads should extend through a circular reed-like member mounted for motion after the manner of a swash plate, the shuttle resting upon the cross pieces of the reed which extend between adjacent warp threads and being impelled throughout the circular path'by the swash plate motion of the reed, which latter serves at a point diametrically opposite that of the shuttle at any time being to beat-up the weft thread deposited by' the shuttle. Further, as a development of this and the previous arrangements, it has been proposed that a series of radial levers, each extending between an ad- ]acent. pair of warp threads, should be fulcrumed about horizontal axes outside the shed and extend at their inner ends into the groove of a circular grooved cam mounted for rotation about the weaving axis within the warp shed, the shuttle resting upon these levers between the two walls of the warp shed, and motion being imparted to the levers by the cam in such manner that they serve not only to impel the shuttle around its path, but also to beat-up the weft thread deposited thereby.

In yet another arrangement a similar series of radial levers has been provided mounted about horizontal pivots inside the warp shed and extending each through its pivotal axis outwardly between adjacent warp threads and inwardly to engage at its ends with a circular groove cam. In both these arrangements the shuttle impelling and beating-up levers themselves constitute the shuttle track;

independent means are provided for forming the shed, and both are subject to the disadvam' tage that during its motion around the circular path, the shuttle will inevitably especially if at all high speeds are employed, bear laterally against the threads of the warp shed,

with the consequent risk of-damage to the latter.

In a circular loom according to the present invention, however, the warp threads pass, in a direction substantially parallel'with or inclined at a comparatively small angle, preferably less than 45to the central axis of weaving, through a stationary reed-like annular frame, each radial cross member of which is formed with an undercut transverse recess in which ashuttle carrier is adapted to engage so as-to restrained positively to travel in a path determined by said recessed cross members, and a plurality of levers, pivoted intermediately of their, len ths about horizontal axes, extend each radia y inwards from its pivot to engage in the groove of a cylindrical grooved cam concentric with the weaving axis, and radially outwards from its pivot to pass, as it is rocked about said pivot the action of said cam, through the warp shed and to bear first at points remote from said pivot against a shuttle and/or its carrier to impel the shuttle, and. bear subsequentl at points nearer said pivot, against the we t thread deposited by the shuttle to beat-up said thread.

A circular loom according to the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying diagrammatic draw1ngs,of which Figures 1 and 2 show the complete loom in side elevation;

Figure 3 is a diagram showing in plan the form of the warp shed and the corresponding position of the two shuttles employed;

Figure 4 is a part sectional fragmentary view showing in elevation the shuttle track and associated parts;

Figure 5 shows in front and side elevation the construction of the shuttle-impelling and beating-up levers; a

Figure 6 is a part sectional fragmentary schematic view showing in development the shuttle track and associated parts; a

Figure 7 is a fragmentary diagram showing in plan and elevation means whereby the warpthreads are maintained in tensions as the shed is formed and reformed;

Figure 8 is a diagram corresponding with Figure 3, showing in plan the formation of warp sheds and the'disposition of the shuttles in the case where four shuttles are employed; whilst Figure 9 is a cross sectional view on the line AB of Figure 6.

As shown, the machine is mounted upon a bed plate 0 -to which frame members 1, thereof are bolted. At the centre of the bed plate 0 there is supported the lower end of a vertical fixed shaft 2, on which is rotatable a hollow shaft 3, from which motion is imparted to the moving parts of the loom. This shaft 3 has fast thereon a hand-wheel 4 whereby the machine can be operated by hand, as is sometimes desirable. Above the handwheel '4 on' the shaft 3 is fast an ellipsoidal eccenthreads in conjunction with a rigid hoop or immediately thereabov eccentrics 10 are fast upon the shaft 3 above the ellipsoidal eccentric5 in such positions that their throws are diametrically oposed and serve together to operate the eddle mechanism for forming and reforming the warp shed (see Figure 3 of the drawings). .Each of these eccentrics is fitted with a non-rotary collar or strap, and in the case illustrated-for each pair of adjacent warp threads a' heddle member, indicated at 12 (see Figure 3 of the drawings) is attached at one end to-one of the eccentrics and passes radially outwards around a small roller 11, and then inwardly to be attached at its'other end to the other eccentric 10, the correspond ing warp threads passing throughthe eyes 12, as shown clearly in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings. Thus, as the eccentrics 10 rotate with the shaft 3, the upper and lower parts of the heddles move radially inwards and outwards, respectively, twice for every revolution of the shaft 3, so that two sheds are formed which virtually travel around the axis of the machine as the shaft 3 rotates.

' In a case where it is desired to use more than two shuttles, the necessary movements of the warp threads can be effected, as shown by way of example in Figure8, where four shuttles are employed, by modifying the shape of the eccentrics in the manner which is clearly shown in Figure 8 of the drawings. However many-shuttles are employed the small rollers 11 over which the heddles pass are mounted so as to be capable of slight radial, movement; in the case illustrated they are'mounted on a flexible hoop. This isfnecessary because, as will be observed, the radial distance between the axis of the machine and any one of these rollers 11 varies with the position of the eccentrics. In both Figures 3. and 8 of thev drawings a small number only'of heddles is illustrated for the sake of clearness. It should be borne in mind, however. that the number of heddles must equal half the number of warp threads.

Fast upon the shaft 3 near the upper end thereof is a cylindrical grooved cam 13, into the groove 14 of which fit the heads or inner ends of levers 15 .(see Figures 1, 2, 4'and 5) to which latter the cam 13 imparts oscillatory movement, as shown particularly in Figure 4. Each of these levers is fulcrumed about a horizontal axis from which it ex- "tends in a direction radially of the 'shafts'2 an The upper end of the fixed'shaft 2 extends above .the upper end of the rotaryshaft' 3 and carries a plate or disc 17 upon which the pivots of the levers 15are mounted (see Figures 1, 2 and 4). Also mounted upon the upper end of the shaft 2 area rigid'hoop or ring18 (see Figures 1, 2and 4) which serves to control the circumferential dimensions of. the

woven fabric, and a looped rod 19 which serves to guide the fabric on its way to a beam upon which the fabric is wound. In the case illustrated two warp beams 29 (see Figures land 2) are carried at the lower parts of the side frame members 1.

Motion is imparted to the rotary shaft 3.

from pulleys 21 (see Figure 2) on the shaft Y 22 connected operatively with the shaft 3 by bevel gearing 23, 24; the beam on to which the woven fabric is wound is supported independently of the machine, and the necessary rotation is imparted thereto through worm gear 25, a vertical shaft 26 and a gear box 27, which I latter may beadjusted as required to govern the closenessofthe warp threads in the woven fabric. 7 v

An annular track 8 for the shuttles is carried by the side frame members 1 and is of reed-like formation, and into the openings 16 thereof the end portions of the levers'15 lie when said levers 15 occupy their lowermostv positions. The cross members of this reedlike shuttletrack are formed with undercut transverse recesses (see Figures 4, 6 and 9) in which a shuttle carrier fits and is freely I slidable.

The shuttle carrier (see particularly Figshuttle track, the levers immediately in'front of the shuttle moving simultaneously downwards to limit the motion thereof- The downwardly moving'levers 15 in front of the shuttle prevent it travelling too far as, for example, under its own momentum.

It will be observed that each shuttle is I movedaround thecircular track in time with the virtual motion of the corresponding warp shed aroundthe axis of the machine, the warp threads being maintained in even tension as the shed advances by means of the appropriately timed action of the ellipsoidal eccentric 5 and flexible hoop or ring 7.

The shuttles carriers by any nown or convenient means, and-each lever 15 serves not onlyfor impelling the shuttles,but also .as a reed. In the case illustrated, a plurality of Warp threads pass through each space 16 of the shuttlev track and each lever 15 is formed as a reed having a corresponding number ofopenings through which the warp threads pass. As will be clearly seen from Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the drawings, the levers 15- serve.

:fi'r'st-ly, to impel the-shuttle, and then, towards and at the end of their upward movement, to beat-up the warp thread deposited thereby.

k 'A-loom accordingto the present invention I possesses the advantages that the shuttles are proper are secured to theirto all intents and purposes positively driven at all times, that the beating-up operation is progressive and takes place continuously as the weft threads are deposited, and that the shuttle is constrained to move in a predetermined path in such manner that it cannot possibly foul the warp threads. The diameter or circumference of the woven fabric produced will depend upon the diameter of the ring 18 carried at the upper'end of the fixed shaft 2, and by varying the dimensions of this ring, or by using rings of various diameters, woven fabric or webs of varying dimensions can be produced by a single loom.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:

1. A circular loom in which the warp threads pass in a'direction substantially parallel with or inclined at acomparatively small angle less than 45 to thecentral axis of weaving, comprising a substantially reed like-annular frame, a plurality of radial cross members therein, each of said cross members having an undercut transverse recess, a

of each of the levers being of substantially shuttle carrier engaging and positively restrained totravel in a path determined by said recessed cross members, a shuttle, a cylindrical grooved cam concentric with a weaving axis, and a plurality of levers pivoted intermediate of their lengths about horizontal axes, said levers extending radially in.- ward from their pivot to engage in the groove of said cam and extending radially outward to pass during movement by said cam through the warp shed and to bear first the points re mote from said pivot against said shuttle and/or its carrier to impel the shuttle and to subsequently bear at points nearer said pivot against the weft thread deposited by the shuttle to beat up said thread.

2. A circular loom as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pivotal axis of the shuttle im elling and beating up levers are deposite at a distance from the weaving axis less than the inner radius of the annular reed like frame and spaced from the latter axially thereof, each lever being adapted to be rocked by the cam from a position in which the outwardly extending arm thereof extends from the pivot to the inner end of the space between adjacent cross members of the annular reed like frame to a position in which said outwardly extending arm extends througn the warp shed and bears at a point intermediate of its length against a weft thread deposited by the shuttle.

3. A circular loom as claimed in claim 1 section of a reed, the base of the L being adapted to lie between adjacent cross members of the annular reed like frame when the lever is in one extremeposition, to space the corresponding warp threads from one another, and the otherlimb of the L being adapted to bear near its junction with the base against an inclined surface formed on a shuttle carrier and/or its shuttle to impel the latter, and when in its other extreme position to bear at a point nearer its pivot against the weft thread deposited by the shuttleand thus to pivot up said thread.

4. A circular loom having an annular reed like frame constituting a shuttle track and shuttle impelling beating up levers and a cylindrical grooved cam, the axis of which is coincident with the axis of weaving, a plurality of eccentrics mounted thereon, a plurality of healds or heddle frames extending radially beneath the reed like annular frame operated by said eccentrics, and means to maintain the tension of the warp threads substantially constant at the shed is formed and reformed.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

FERNANDO ALONSO.

wherein the cross members of the annular reed L shaped formation and being formed asa' 

